The Psychology of Personal Adjustment and Social Adjustment Essay Example for Free

The Psychology of Personal Adjustment and Social Adjustment Essay Prior to presenting my life script, I would like to take the liberty of introducing myself. I am a 23-yearold lady, hailing from Boston, Massachusetts. My father is a medical doctor and my mother, a pharmacist. They have been divorced for more than three years now but they both live in Tokyo, Japan. I have two younger brothers; one goes to medical school in Japan and the other goes to boarding school in England. My childhood is something I hold close to my heart, for it was in many ways interesting. I have lived abroad for most of my life. As I have stated, my father, a medical doctor, worked for the United Nation. This job demanded frequent travel and consequently my family was constantly moving around the world to places like France, Switzerland, Korea, Russia and Japan. To address the travel issues, I took an entrance test for a girls’ boarding school when I was three-years-old since it would allow me go to its sister’s school later on in my senior years. At that age, I also started taking classical ballet classes. As I continued my journey through life from childhood to adolescence, ballet remained an integral aspect of my life with respect to my development. I placed all my time, concentration and energy into ballet, though I will delve into the details elsewhere in this script. At the age of sixteen, I left ballet school for personal reasons and decided to pursue a career outside ballet. Without further ado, I allow me to go into my life script. Quoting an excerpt from our class text, â€Å"Our life script, including the messages from both our family of origin and our culture, forms the core of our personal identity. † I could not agree more. Since I have lived abroad in various countries outside my home, I have always asked myself, â€Å"Who am I? †, â€Å"What am I? † and â€Å"What defines me? † Each of these questions explores a different aspect of my social identity. When I was an elementary school student in Switzerland, I was like an energetic, studious student. During lectures, it never embarrassed me to ask questions at all so I was asking constantly presenting queries whenever I encountered difficult problems. Even though I was only seven or eight years old, I knew I needed to master the material in order to excel in my exams. In my case, this ties in with Erikson’s stage four – â€Å"Industry versus Inferiority†. I received praise for my work from both my peers and my teachers and it encouraged me to undertake and complete more challenging tasks. I particularly wanted to gain recognition for my innovation. In general, children’s efforts to master school work help them to grow and form a positive self-concept a sense of who they are. Once I moved to Asia, many changes took place, most of them negative. In Korea, it is considered rude for a student to ask questions during class because it is thought to interrupt the lesson. Compare this with Swiss classrooms, in which children are encouraged to ask questions. It is all about culture so that moving to a school abroad meant adjusting a new culture. However, since I was used to the classroom culture of the United Sates and Europe, I found this new environment rather uncomfortable at first. Older children may find it harder to adapt, both to a new culture and to a new language, but since I was only ten years old, I settled in quickly. Once I get used to the Korean culture, not only did I start to feel embarrassed asking questions in class but I also began to feel a bit out of place, knowing that I was different. The feeling got worse after I moved to Japan. Even though have lived abroad for most of my life, I consider myself Japanese through and through, since my parents taught me a lot about Japanese culture, morals, injunctions and many other aspects. I remember once when, my teacher asked me the meaning of a famous Japanese proverb which threw me off completely. She told me, â€Å"This question is in fact quite easy and kind of common sense. However, even if you are not able to answer, it is understandable; you are from a different culture. † My face burned with shame. At that moment, failure to answer that simple question made me feel like I was a failure at everything. My sense of industry, nurtured at home was shattered here by an insensitive teacher. Since then, I have developed a degree of glossophobia, the fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak. This is another instance of Erikson’s Stage four – â€Å"Industry versus Inferiority†. The image of the classical ballerina is traditionally that of classical ballet itself graceful, poise, sophisticated and â€Å"very European†. I had been taking classical ballet for more than thirteen years and my mind was too consumed with ballet to think of any other purpose in life. I took part in Prix de Lausanne ballet competition in Switzerland, and won a prize as well as a scholarship to ballet school. I decided to attend Paris Opera Ballet School in France when I was 14 years old. I have always admired the long limbs of European dancers, gracefully moving to rhythmic music. Dancing, particularly ballet teaches young people to be highly self-critical. Dancers, from a very early age, are continually corrected by their teachers and are trained to focus on self-reflection as a means of observing and correcting one’s mistakes, over and above perfecting technique. From my experiences, I observed that ballet puts dancers under considerable pressure to be thin and attain the perfect figure. I recall one instance when my ballet teacher criticized my appearance in front of others. As I see it, relentless attack commonly forms grounds for denial. As we learned in our class, in psychology, denial is a concept originating from the psychodynamic theories of Sigmund Freud. The initial denial protects that person from the emotional shock. According to the reference, â€Å"Denial is one of many defense mechanisms. It entails ignoring or refusing to believe an unpleasant reality. Defense mechanisms protect one’s psychological wellbeing in traumatic situations, or in any situation that produces anxiety or conflict. However, they do not resolve the anxiety-producing situation and, if overused, can lead to psychological disorders. † The assumption I unearth here is that denial affects one’s internal thoughts and feelings. In my case, I was taught that average weights are unacceptable in any situation in the ballet world. At that point in time, I was controlling my weight, keeping it at around 85 pounds. I was already thin but I was still asked to â€Å"trim down†. Therefore I practiced for hours on end on a daily basis, pushing myself to my physical and psychological limit to achieve professional success. Essentially, I stopped eating and my weight plummeted from 85 to 70 pounds. I ended up developing an eating disorder, but outwardly I received continual praise. Nobody knew I was starving myself to look the way I did. It did not take long before I dropped out of ballet school because of anorexia nervosa. My parents sent me to an eating disorder facility, where I stayed for more than six months. I was obsessed with ballet and it was not easy for me to see myself with the objectivity others did. I had not learned the appropriate mechanisms to deal with stressful situations. In the eating disorder facility, my therapist assisted me in examining my thoughts and behaviors and devised strategic ways effect the necessary lifestyle changes. However, even when the labels are accepted, I did not realize the severity of my eating disorder and anorexia slowly shifted to bulimia. I had been semi-phobic of solid food for years. Every time I started eating, I could not control myself and I just kept eating. I then hated myself after every episode of binging. Purging therefore made me better and gave me a sense of control. I was always telling myself â€Å"I do not need to do this†. Then I would look in the mirror and realize that I would get extremely fat if the food did not get out of my system; I just could not help it. Due to such conditions, I would find it extremely difficult to manage my school schedule as well as my coursework. I had to attend weekly counseling sessions for treatment of psychological symptoms due to depression, anxiety and eating disorders. To be honest with you, I was desperate because I could not see myself living free of an eating disorder within one and a half years. Looking back at my life script, I see how the intersection of my life and history shaped my variable perceptiveness of good and bad. I have met many different people who have played an important role in helping shape my personality, thereby making significant changes in my life. I still have ongoing personal issues regarding weight and body size. The perception from my ballet teachers that average body weights are not acceptable has slowly been ingrained in my mind over a period of fourteen years. Consequently I still have a phobia of taking too many calories, and I cannot eat three meals a day. In addition to that, I still harbor a bit of guilt after each meal, but at least I have learnt to enjoy my meals. Eating disorders leave one very confused. I got through a lot of different things and I believe I have gained more depth as human being. I am pretty sure that this now the time to take my growth to the next level. I got an acceptance letter from UC two weeks ago and building up a new career is one way of coping with feelings of inadequacy. Now that I have spilled my secret life script, I am able to see myself more objectively.

The Deadly Ebola Virus :: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (Ebola HF)

The Ebola Virus is the common name for several strains of virus, three of which are known to cause hemorrhagic fever in humans, which is characterized by massive bleeding and destruction of internal tissues. Named for the Ebola River in Zaire, Africa, where the virus was first identified, the Ebola virus belongs to the family Filoviridae. Three strains of Ebola virus that are often fatal to humans have been identified. Named for the areas in which the first recognized outbreaks took place, these strains are referred to as Ebola/Zaire (EBOZ), Ebola/Sudan (EBOS), and Ebola/Tai Forest (EBOT). A fourth Ebola strain, called Ebola/Reston(EBOR), has not been found to cause disease in humans. As outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever continue to occur, other strains may be identified. The viruses are long rods, 800 to 1000 nanometers (nm) long (1 nm equals one-billionth of a meter, or 4 x 10-8 in), but particles as long as 14,000 nm have been seen. Each virus consists of a coiled strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) contained in an envelope derived from the host cell membrane that is covered with 7 nm spikes placed 10 nm apart visible on the surface of the virion (Figure 1). When magnified several thousand times by an electron microscope, these viruses have the appearance of long filaments or threads but the particles are pleomorphic, meaning they can exist in many shapes. Their basic structure is long and filamentious, essentially bacilliform, but the viruses often takes on a "U" shape (Figure 2). They contain a unique single-stranded molecule of noninfectious (negative sense ) RNA. The virus is composed of 7 polypeptides, a nucleoprotein, a glycoprotein, a polymerase and 4 other undesignated proteins. Proteins are produced from polyadenylated monocistronic mRNA a species transcribed from vi genomes. As the infection progresses the cytoplasm of the infected cell develops "prominent inclusion bodies" which contains the viral nucelocapsid, which will become highly structured. The virus then assembles, and buds off the host cell, attaining its lipoprotein coat from the infected cell's outer membrane. The replication in and destruction of the host cell is rapid and produces a large number of viruses budding from the cell membrane. Symptoms Cases of Ebola have occurred in isolated instances and in outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa. A significant problem in diagnosing the disease is that the viruses often strike in remote areas of developing countries, where access to laboratories for specimen analysis is limited. Of all the Ebola strains, Ebola/Zaire is the most dramatic and deadly. The Ebola virus causes hemorrhagic fever, which is characterized by such symptoms as severe headache, weakness, and muscle aches, followed by vomiting,

Why I am against the death penalty

Why I am against the decease punishmentThe decease punishment has been used for old ages as a manner to penalize the guilty. Over the old ages the decease punishment has cost our Justice system 1000000s. Besides the cost, it violates our Human Rights Bill and punishes the guiltless people. The decease punishment is non effectual at cut downing offense. Our society is non any safer and does non discourage people from interrupting the jurisprudence. There are many different options in our system to contend offense, but the decease punishment in non one of them. The decease punishment is supposed prevent others from killing but it does non. Harmonizing to â€Å" Death Penalty Information Center the top academic criminological societies, 88 % of these experts rejected the impression that the decease punishment acts as a hindrance to slaying. † Fear of the decease punishment has small consequence on people perpetrating slaying. A slaying it normally starts, as an statement gone bad when the individual is angry. The mean individual does non walk outside and says, â€Å" I think I will kill today † . No 1 makes decease punishment their first thought when they leave the house. It ne'er crosses the people mind: if they kill a individual, they will acquire the decease punishment. Peoples are still killing and it has non slowed down the figure of slaying instances in the US. If the decease punishment is directing a message, unluckily no 1 is listening to the message. Second, the decease punishment cost more for an executing versus life in prison. Our state spends 1000000s to put to death captives versus go forthing them in prison. Our state is holding a budget crisis but it seem like we have 1000000s of dollars for the decease punishment. Harmonizing to â€Å" Death Penalty Information Center â€Å" California spends it cost $ 232.7 million per twelvemonth. A captive can pass life without parole cost $ 90,000 a twelvemonth per inmate. † We spend a immense sum for a system that has small consequence on offense. Third, the decease punishment goes against our Human Right Bill. On December 10, 1948, United Nations adopted the Human Rights Bill. Harmonizing to Article 5 provinces that â€Å" No 1 shall be subjected to torment or to cruel, inhuman or degrading intervention or penalty † . The decease punishment is hardhearted to worlds and a barbarous penalty. We say do non kill, but we are making the same thing. A signifier in which a human life is being taken by executing is unmerciful. Many captives reform while they are in prison. Criminals have committed some indefinable offenses, but they do non merit to hold their life to stop. The US has changed the significance of Human Rights Bill to warrant our system subsiding of tonss against another. In 1986, 48 states has get rid of the decease punishment. Fourth, the decease punishment has executed people who are non guilty. If we continue the Death punishment, non guilty people will decease. Harmonizing to decease Penalty Information Center â€Å" Since 1973, over 130 people have been released from decease row with grounds of their artlessness. From 2000-2007, there has been an norm of 5 exonerations per twelvemonth † . The job with the decease punishment is that guiltless people is killed. The system makes errors and do non ever have the grounds when convicting people. Many captives spend old ages functioning clip for a offense they did non make. There is no justness for them or their households. Justice system do non oppugn how many non guilty has died. We can penalize them stop other ways beside the decease punishment. They argue that the decease punishment put to deathing those that are guilty. Capital penalty takes many stairss to guarantee that fewer errors is made. In support of their side it is true that felons get a just test in the legal system. Our system assures that lives will be save by executing, merely the opposite there small grounds to turn out that the decease punishment saves lives. Retribution for a offense means the justness system is traveling to acquire even for the offense you committed. Retribution it is a barbarous manner for our justness system warranting what they are making. Taking the life of the people who has killed, we are making the same offense. Killing the felon is non traveling to convey back the victim. We justified it by stating it will convey closer to the victims ‘ households. The victim household heals no faster than they did while the captive was in gaol. They will sorrow the same manner in the same sum of clip. The system is adding slaying on top of slaying there is no terminal to offense. The rhythm goes on and does non stop and the whole intent is the stop slaying. At some point, the system has to confront world and happen another manner that works. Criminal ‘s carry out slaying it is the lowest signifier of offense and the system does the same thing but it gets a enthusiast name. Despite the claim that capital penalty can function as a manner to halt felons. Showing would be felons the effects of their actions. There is a jurisprudence and justness system and you have followed it. The decease punishment should do people believe before making a offense but it is merely the antonym. All things consider the justness system is morally incorrect when it comes to the decease punishment. The cost to put to death a individual is more expensive than life in prison without word. Knowing that guiltless people will be executed it is hardhearted manner of penalty. We should concentrate more on how stop and prevent offense.

War CANNOT Be Justified by any Party or any Reason Essay

Have you heard about Korean War, which occurred in June, 25, 1950? The conflict between ideologies caused this war with tens of millions killed, millions of families separated, the country reduced to rubble, and a huge permanent scar on Korea’s culture. Then, Vietnam War, Gulf War, or Iraq war can sound familiar to you. Let’s change point to the number of dead bodies from wars themselves. Can you guess how many people got killed during all of those war periods? Only for Vietnam War, the true civilians of Vietnam War were two millions in the north, and another two millions in the south, and military causalities were 1.1 million killed and six hundreds thousand wounded during war. To finish a war, how many innocent people and soldiers have†¦show more content†¦The damage of wars is way too much that it should never happen under any circumstance. No one should ever initiate a war and claim it justified. Let’s see why war should not be justified. First of all, war is nothing but bloodthirsty killer. During Iraq War period, 172 U.S. and British combatants were killed fro m March 20 to May 1 and another 222 died between May 2 and October 20. The number of civilians killed during war is between 5,708 and 7,356. The major unknown is the number of Iraqi military deaths during the war and it was estimated as low as 13,500 or as much as 45,000 soldiers. Furthermore, at least 20,000 civilians were injured. If protecting national interests or achieving diplomatic goals is a just cause then which party has a just cause between Iraqi people and U.S. or British army? Basically, all of them have their own just causes arising from their national profits. Then, can you say that soldiers, no matter which party they belong, are guilty because of killing people? The answer is â€Å"No,† because, for soldiers, killing enemies is related to more likely legal defense than any other reasons. 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